Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a medical treatment that involves the use of hormones to replace the ones that the body loses during menopause. Menopause is a natural phenomenon that occurs in women in their late 40s or early 50s, and it marks the end of their reproductive phase. During this time, the body undergoes several changes, including a decrease in estrogen levels. HRT can help alleviate some of the symptoms of menopause, but it also carries some risks.
The Benefits of Hormone Replacement Therapy
Several menopause symptoms, such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, mood swings, and sleep difficulties, can be treated with HRT. Because of its importance in controlling menstruation and maintaining bone density, estrogen is the key hormone that decreases after menopause. Osteoporosis, a disorder that weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures, can be prevented in part by using HRT to replace the lost estrogen.
Colon cancer is more common in women than males; however, HRT has been shown to lessen that risk. Journal of the National Cancer Institute study finds that postmenopausal women who took HRT (including estrogen and progestin) had a 40% lower risk of colon cancer than those who did not.
The Risks of Hormone Replacement Ther2apy
Even with caution, long-term use of HRT is not without its own hazards. Breast cancer, blood clots, stroke, and heart disease are just some of its potential side effects. Women who use it are more likely to develop breast cancer since estrogen promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Breast cancer risk rises in tandem with HRT use but declines once treatment is discontinued.
Blood clots, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), are other possible side effects of HRT. There is a two- to threefold increase in the risk of developing DVT or PE in women who use HRT compared to women who do not.
A higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and stroke has also been associated with HRT use. Women who took HRT were shown to have a 29% increased risk of heart disease compared to women who did not take it, according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Choosing Hormone Replacement Therapy
The decision to take HRT should be made after careful consideration of the risks and benefits. Women who have a history of breast cancer, blood clots, stroke, or heart disease should avoid it at all costs. Women who have a history of hormone-dependent cancers, such as uterine or ovarian cancer, should also avoid HRT.
Women who decide to take HRT should start with the lowest dose possible and take it for the shortest time necessary to alleviate their symptoms. They should also be monitored regularly by their healthcare provider to ensure that the treatment is working effectively and that any potential side effects are detected early.
Alternatives to Hormone Replacement Therapy
Women who cannot or do not want to take HRT can consider alternative treatments to alleviate their menopausal symptoms. These include lifestyle changes such as exercise, a healthy diet, and stress reduction techniques. They can also consider non-hormonal medications such as antidepressants, gabapentin, and clonidine.
Conclusion
Overall, hormone replacement therapy can be an effective treatment for menopausal symptoms, but it also carries some risks. Women who decide to take HRT should be aware of the potential risks and benefits and make an informed decision with their healthcare provider. Women who cannot or do not want to take HRT can consider alternative treatments to alleviate their symptoms instead.
If you are looking to undergo hormone replacement therapy in Texas, look no further than our services here at Meridian Springs Primary Care. We are an exemplary clinic serving Houston and its surrounding areas. We offer our board certified family physicians, affordable care, and telemedicine access 24/7. Call us today to book your first HRT appointment with us.